The multiple functions of saliva play a significant role in the prevention of dental caries. There is a general agreement among dental professionals that the salivary secretion and substances secreted within the saliva influence to a high degree the strength of individual caries attack, so it has been alleged that salivary composition is an important factor in determining the prevalence of dental caries. Saliva has the potential to be used in the early detection and diagnosis of caries. It is generally accepted, however, that saliva secretion and salivary components secreted in saliva are important for dental health. Such genetically regulated salivary components may influence both the colonization and the clearance of microorganisms.
Data currently available indicate the significance of salivary mucins muc5b and muc7 in the protection of teeth against caries. Saliva is a significant factor in the development of dental caries. The purpose of this study is to compare the major species present in whole saliva samples from caries. Saliva is the bodys natural defense for the oral cavity.
Investigating the association between stress, saliva and. Physical and chemical aspects of saliva as indicators of. Chewing gum is known to stimulate salivary flow, and the results. Mar 01, 2016 this predisposes them to various oral ailments including dental caries and periodontitis. Both active and passive approaches have shown success in human clinical trials.
Another source of evidence of the influence of saliva on dental caries is studies conducted in people who have chronic salivary disturbances. Request pdf saliva and dental caries caries is a unique multifactorial infectious disease. The journal of contemporary dental practice, volume 9, no. Saliva plays a significant role in maintaining oral health, helping to build and maintain the health of soft and hard tissues. Fluoride concentrations in saliva related to dental caries. This research aimed to determine the concentration and quantity of zn and its impact on the prevention and the reduction of the intensity of caries in schoolchildren aged 12 years with permanent. Composition of saliva, its buffering capacity, and the antimicrobial properties can be factors in the relationship to caries. A salivabased prognostic test for dental caries susceptibility.
Caries has negative impact on general health and quality of life of individuals. Considering the crucial roles of saliva in dental caries, we tested flow rate, ph, and buffering. Saliva your mouths most powerful natural defense against. Saliva serves many different functions in promo ting oral health and in oral disease table 1. It is the destruction of dental hard acellular tissue by acidic byproducts from the bacterial fermentation of dietary carbohydrates especially sucrose. Dental caries is a highly prevalent infectious disease that causes tooth decay national institute of dental and craniofacial research, 2018. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Pdf the effect of saliva on dental caries esther lopez. Some medications, mouth breathing and smoking all can contribute to dry mouth. Profiling microorganisms in whole saliva of children with. It is the destruction of dental hard acellular tissue by acidic byproducts from the bacterial fermentation of. Immunology of dental caries biomedical and pharmacology journal. This suggests that the population of individuals susceptible to carious lesions and dental caries continues to. Its flows helps to clear mouth of food and cellular and bacterial debris and consequently retards plaque formation.
Dental caries is a highly prevalent infectious disease that causes tooth decay. Association between dental caries and lipid peroxidation in saliva. Saliva tests improve patients monitoring and participation skills in cariespreventing measures. Dental caries remains one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide placing a significant burden on individuals and healthcare systems 1, 2. Saliva and dental caries saliva buffer solution free. A total of 150 articles were retrieved through electronic database. American dental hygienists association september 2009. These sensitized cellsproduce iga that are secreted in the saliva, which arecapable of agglutination of oral bacteria, reduce adherenceand easy clearance. Among the various protective functions of saliva, including diluting and cleaning the oral cavity, serving as a host defense, and buffering and enabling ion exchange, certain salivary characteristics outside the normal range of values may contribute to the caries process. Kauser sadia fakhruddin saliva and dental caries 2.
Managing xerostomia and salivary gland hypofunction. This suggests that the population of individuals susceptible to carious lesions and dental caries continues to expand with increased age. Some of these studies have introduced a new approach to dental caries from being a bacterially induced multifactorial disease to a disease which may also be influenced by inherited salivary factors. Feb 22, 2015 human beings suffering from decreased flow of saliva or lack of salivary secretions xerostomia usually experience increased rate of dental caries. Although largely overlooked, figures show that one in five adults have xerostomia.
Salivary composition and dental caries among children. In a 2010 survey of oral health status, untreated caries in permanent teeth and deciduous teeth rated as the first and tenth most prevalent conditions marcenes et al. Salivary proteins as a biomarker for dental cariesa. Muc7 level as a new saliva risk factor for dental caries in adult. Functions of saliva it forms a protective mucoid coating on the mucous membrane which acts as a barrier to irritants and prevent dessication. Presented at the 16th international conference on oral biology icob, saliva in health and disease, held in chantilly, virginia, usa, april 912, 2000, sponsored by the international association for dental research and supported by unilever dental research 40. The caries susceptibility has been observed to increase in numerous patients following radiation therapy certain drugs influence salivary flow, and in turn result in rampant caries. One of the most prevalent risk factors i see in patients is low saliva flow. Xerostomia and dental caries and how to treat dion health. Its generally accepted that saliva flow and its composition are important for oral health, especially the prophylaxis of dental caries. The identification of salivary proteins as biomarkers for dental caries would allow a subject to be classified as a caries susceptible individual when a salivary biomarker was present. Saliva can be used as an indicator of prognosis during periodontal treatment. The effect of saliva on dental caries journal of the american dental.
Salivary proteins and microbiota as biomarkers for early. Saliva dysfunction and oral microbial changes among. Caries is a multifactorial infectious oral disease, and salivary components secreted in saliva are important for maintaining oral health. A saliva based prognostic test for dental caries susceptibility. The connection between saliva dental caries and perio. When saliva flow is reduced, oral health problems such as dental caries and oral infections can develop. Dental caries is a highly prevalent multifactorialinfectious disease that afflicts a large proportionof the worlds population. Thus, classifying individuals as caries susceptible individuals or. Based on this, the individual could take part in an oral health programme in order to control diet and hygienic habits to prevent dental caries development. Low saliva flow is the number one selfreported risk factor in our data base of nearly,000 patients. This research aimed to determine the concentration and quantity of zn and its impact on the prevention and the reduction of the intensity of caries in schoolchildren aged 12 years with. Saliva and dental caries new jersey medical school.
Investigating the association between stress, saliva and dental caries. Profiling microorganisms in whole saliva of children with and. The etiology and pathogenesis of dental caries are known to be multifactorial, but the interplay between intrinsic and extrinsic factors is still not fully understood. This study will be specifically done on south indian population to analyse proteins in the saliva. Saliva and dental caries saliva buffer solution free 30. This predisposes them to various oral ailments including dental caries and periodontitis. In addition to neutralizing the acids produced within the dental plaque, saliva also serves as the hosts defense mechanism by repairing the demin. Chewing gum is known to stimulate sali vary flow, and the results of studies of the role of stimu lated saliva in the oral clearance of food particles, neutralization of dental plaque acids and reduction of the incidence of dental caries have been reported. Saliva, dental caries, buffer effect, adhesion, aggregation, antimicrobial agents. The high prevalence of dental caries in humans is attributed to. There are many different agents within saliva and plaque that serve to protect the tooth surface against caries development. In vivo study nireeksha1, mithra n hegde2, suchetha kumari n3, harshini ullal4 and vishakh kedilaya5 1iii year post graduate, department of conservative dentistry and endodontics, a. It bathes the teeth constantly and serves multiple functions including digestion, lubrication, antibacterial activity, buffering, etc. Dental caries etiology, clinical characteristics, risk assessment, and management.
Saliva and sugarfree gum chewing sugarfree gum causes your mouth to increase the production of saliva by 10 times the normal rate. Saliva and caries free download as powerpoint presentation. Physical and chemical aspects of saliva as indicators of risk. Sep 25, 2015 when saliva flow is reduced, oral health problems such as dental caries and oral infections can develop. Saliva plays a key role in lubrication and remineralization and demineralization stages throughout the day. Salivary flow rate, buffer effect, and dental caries probably the most important cariespreventive functions of saliva are the flushing and neutralizing effects, commonly referred to as salivary clearance or oral clearance capacity lagerlof and oliveby, 1994.
The etiology and pathogenesis of dental caries are known to be. Our understanding of etiological factors, the progress of the disease, and the effectiveness. Nov 10, 2017 saliva is a significant factor in the development of dental caries. The innate defense factors iden tified in saliva can manage cariogenic bacteria and may prevent the subsequent development of dental caries 30. The final result, caries to be or not to be, is a complex phenomenon involving internal defense factors, such as saliva, tooth surface morphology, general health, and nutritional and hormonal status, and a. Research article open access investigating the association between stress, saliva and dental caries. Both fermentable carbohydrate remainders and salivary buffering capacity affected plaque ph. The identification of salivary proteins as biomarkers for dental caries would allow a subject to be classified as a cariessusceptible individual when a salivary biomarker was present. Many studies were conducted regarding the relation of salivary proteins as biomarkers in dental caries but in different geographical population.
Saliva as a diagnostic tool for assessment of dental caries. Research article dental, oral and craniofacial research n r nio 21 di 1151ocr122 volume 32. The effect of saliva on dental caries the journal of the american. While no single bacterial species is causative of dental caries, the role of the oral microbiome in oral health and caries is gaining interest. Accordingly, in 2010, the global burden of disease study indicated that more than 2. Jul 10, 2016 in spline models, the odds ratio for teeth with dental caries or periodontal disease increased with reduced saliva secretion. Lagerlof and oliveby 1994 stated that saliva influences caries attack mainly by its rate of flow and by its. The first page of the pdf of this article appears above. Xerostomia and dental caries and how to treat xerostomia, or dry mouth, is a common problem associated with the insufficient production of saliva. Specific salivary glycoproteins form the acquired enamel pellicle which. Saliva and dental caries free download as powerpoint presentation.
Chewing gum is known to stimulate salivary flow, and the results of studies of the role of stimulated saliva in the oral clearance of food particles, neutralization of dental plaque acids and reduction of the incidence of dental caries have been. Mar, 2018 dental caries remains one of the most prevalent chronic diseases worldwide placing a significant burden on individuals and healthcare systems 1, 2. Minimal attention has been given to the role of salivary microelements, the importance they have in reducing the intensity of caries, and the effect of caries prophylaxes. This means that 20% of people ages 1830 and 40% of people older than 50 have this problemi. Saliva plays a significant role in the prevention of dental caries, such as antibacterial activity, flushing the oral cavity, removing food particles and debris, and chemically maintaining an environment rich in acidbuffering agents. Concerning about caries, the ph of saliva may not be as important as the ph of dental plaque. As salivary diagnostics is an emerging field, ph of saliva can be used to evaluate the severity of dental caries and periodontitis in diabetes mellitus patients. Human saliva not only lubricates the oral tissues, making oral functions such as speaking, eating, and swallowing possible, but also protects teeth and oral.
Correlation of salivary ph, incidence of dental caries and. Donovan this chapter presents basic definitions and information on dental caries, clinical characteristics of the caries lesion, caries risk assessment, and caries management, in the context of clinical operative dentistry. The role and impact of salivary zn levels on dental caries. The connection between saliva dental caries and perio july 10, 2016. Detecting pathologies at their earlieststages can significantly affect patient discomfort, prognosis, therapeuticintervention, survival rates, and recurrence. The connection between saliva dental caries and perio carifree. Research shows that chewing sugarfree gum for 20 minutes after eating or drinking can help reduce tooth decay by up to 40%. Saliva is an exocrine solution consisting of 99% water. As in other hostparasite interactions, there appear to be marked variations in individual susceptibility to the disease. This article presents a multidisciplinary approach to the clinical management of xerostomia.
Chronic xerostomia significantly increases the risk of experiencing dental caries, demineralization, tooth sensitivity, candidiasis and other oral diseases that may affect quality of life negatively. Composition and production saliva is an exocrine solution consisting of 99% water. Samia elazab 15102016 saliva and dental caries since saliva is the medium in which bacterial plaque develops and works. The resting plaque ph refers to the ph of plaque 22. Immunization of dental caries should begin early in thesecond year of life.
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